Quantum Computation

Quantum computing has the potential to spur breakthroughs in health care, financial strategies, security and more because of its quantum mechanical properties. Quantum computers are positioned to provide the computing power needed to solve problems currently unsolvable by classical computers or at a faster rate. It is a radical new paradigm of computing which takes advantage of the quantum phenomena (like superposition and entanglement) seen at the microscopic physical scale. Quantum computers can run specialized algorithms which scale better than their classical counterparts, in some cases, exponentially faster. A quantum computer operates upon a register of qubits, which are the quantum extension of classical bits. While a classical bit is confined to a definite value of either 0 or 1, a qubit can exist in a continuous complex space between these values. That is, describing the state of an n-bit classical register requires n bits, but describing the state of an n-qubit quantum register requires 2n complex numbers.\r\n\r\nWhile all the top software companies like Google, IBM, Microsoft, Amazon, etc. have already ventured into this niche area of computing, there are small players like Ion-Q and D-wave also are seriously developing both hardware and software which have huge potentials in the…